PH

an indicator In chemistry, pH ( ), also referred to as ''acidity'' or ''basicity'', historically denotes "potential of hydrogen" (or "power of hydrogen"). It is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions. Acidic solutions (solutions with higher concentrations of hydrogen () cations) are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions.

The pH scale is logarithmic and inversely indicates the activity of hydrogen cations in the solution : \ce{pH} = - \log_{10}(a_\ce{H+}) \thickapprox -\log_{10}([\ce{H+}]/\text{M}) where [H+] is the equilibrium molar concentration of H+ (in M = mol/L) in the solution. At 25 °C (77 °F), solutions of which the pH is less than 7 are acidic, and solutions of which the pH is greater than 7 are basic. Solutions with a pH of 7 at 25 °C are neutral (i.e. have the same concentration of H+ ions as OH ions, i.e. the same as pure water). The neutral value of the pH depends on the temperature and is lower than 7 if the temperature increases above 25 °C. The pH range is commonly given as zero to 14, but a pH value can be less than 0 for very concentrated strong acids or greater than 14 for very concentrated strong bases.

The pH scale is traceable to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement. Primary pH standard values are determined using a concentration cell with transference by measuring the potential difference between a hydrogen electrode and a standard electrode such as the silver chloride electrode. The pH of aqueous solutions can be measured with a glass electrode and a pH meter or a color-changing indicator. Measurements of pH are important in chemistry, agronomy, medicine, water treatment, and many other applications. Provided by Wikipedia
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  1. 1
    by pH
    Source: 1. Slévárenství 1. 0037-6825 1. Roč. 54, č. 6 (2006), s. 251-254
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  2. 2
    by pH
    Source: 1. Slévárenství 1. 0037-6825 1. Roč. 54, č. 7-8 (2006), s. 320-321
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    by pH
    Source: 1. Slévárenství 1. 0037-6825 1. Roč. 54, č. 12(2006), s. 492-493
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    by P.H
    Source: 1. Felsőmagyarországi Hirlap : Politikai lap 1. Roč. 4, č. 83 (16.10.1901) s. 1 a 2
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    by (P.H.)
    Source: 1. Felsőmagyarország : Kassai Napló 1. Roč. 18, č. 78 (05.04.1902) s. 2
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    by Abdizadeh, H., Vajargah, P. H.
    Source: 1. Kovové materiály 1. Roč. 53, č. 5 (2015), s. 319-326 1. 1338-4252
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    by Vacelet, P. H., Táborský D.
    Source: 1. Slévárenství 1. Roč. LXIII, č. 9-10 (2015), s. 349-351 1. 0037-6825
    Article
  9. 9
    by Phien-wej, Ernst, Giao, P.H, Nutalaya, P.
    Source: 1. Engineering geology 1. 0013-7952 1. Roč. 82, č. 4 (2006), s. 187-201
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    by Phien-wej, N., Giao, P.H, Nutalaya, P.
    Source: 1. Engineering geology 1. 0013-7952 1. Roč. 50, č. 1-2 (1998), s. 187-201
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    Source: 1. Engineering geology 1. Roč. 114, č. 3-4 (august 2010), s. 298-311 1. 0013-7952
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    by Asch, Th.W.J. Van, Beek, L.P.H. Van, Bogaard, T.A
    Source: 1. Engineering geology 1. 0013-7952 1. Roč. 91, č. 1 (apríl 2007), s. 46-55
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    Source: 1. Engineering geology 1. 0013-7952 1. Roč. 85, č. 1-2 (máj 2006), s. 14-18
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  16. 16
    by Humeník, Peter, Humeník, Peter
    Published 2001
    Call Number: III.190798

    Source: 1. Ročenka 2001 1. 80-968701-7-8 1. S. 5-8
    Article
  17. 17
    by Hric, Pavol, Hric, Pavol
    Published 2001
    Call Number: III.190841

    Source: 1. Nižný Žipov 1221-2001 1. 80-7165-307-1 1. S. 67-72
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  18. 18
    by Holúbek, Peter, Holúbek, Peter
    Source: 1. Aragonit 1. Č. 8 (2003), s. 58-60
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    by Hronček, Pavel, Hronček, Pavel
    Source: 1. Ochrana prírody 25 1. Banská Bystrica : Štátna ochrana prírody SR, 2006 1. S. 5-16 1. 9788089035786
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